Comentários – Inglês – 1ª Fase – CACD 2019
O Que Rolou Em Inglês?
Felizmente, a prova seguiu os padrões tradicionais, tanto no tipo de textos quanto-especialmente- na formulação das assertivas. Valeu a pena ter resolvido tantos itens de expressões e termos sinônimos em classe!
O máximo que tivemos em termos de “novidade” foram textos mais longos, em relação às provas de 2018 e 2017. Isso não deve ter sido problema para a turma, haja vista que trabalhamos com textos mais longos durante toda a primeira parte do curso e, especificamente, no plantão de dúvidas 6.
O conjunto de estilos correspondeu ao que vimos: um texto de teor histórico sobre os desafios para a diplomacia da época, um texto jornalístico do Economist, mais fastidioso devido à extensão e aos detalhes, um texto sobre a relação entre diplomacia e tradução; o destaque vai para o texto literário sobre o fascínio que a cidade de New York produz sobre os novos habitantes que atrai, tema cujo ensaio seminal é Goodbye to All That, de Joan Didion, que vimos na turma 191.
Mariana Lima
Professora de InglêsAtenção! Para a correção dessa prova, a professora Mariana Lima usou o modelo de prova de TIPO B
As far as grammar is concerned and based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
1 Another correct preposition used with the verb “Compared” (line 2) is with, as in “to compare with”.
Comentário: C- o verbo compare aceita as duas preposições: He is tall compared to me.The test was easy compared with the last one.
2 The expression “Had it not been” (line 9) describes a hypothetical action that would have occurred in the past.
Comentário: C- Had it not been: 3rd conditional- ação que poderia ter ocorrido em um passado hipotético
3 In the fragment “to its achievement” (line 17), the underlined pronoun refers to “religious intensity” (line 16).
Comentário: E- its refers to this objective 9 line 16)
4 In the fragment “Thus, whereas the man in the street” (line 43), the underlined adverb means “as a result of what has just been said or stated” and can be replaced with hence.
Comentário: C- Thus: because of this or that : HENCE, CONSEQUENTLY
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
1 The ultimate goal of the author of the text is to draw attention to the importance of nuclear deterrence.
Comentário: E- The ultimate goal of the author is to draw attention to a transformation of values ( line 31): the old standards (…) have been discredited ( lines 8-9) in the context of the Cold War.
2 It can be inferred from the text that world diplomacy had then been increasingly dominated by religious fanaticism and financial interests.
Comentário: E-Ver linhas 23 a 30 sobre os desafios para a diplomacia da época
3 The author urges Western diplomats to resort to the same unprincipled conduct their Eastern colleagues engage in.
Comentário: E- The author urges Western diplomats to adapt to the transformation of values: ver linhas 24 a 30
4 The general tenor of the text reflects the bipolar world order prevalent in the diplomatic scene after the Second World War.
Comentário: C- Item síntese
As far as lexical comprehension is concerned, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
1 In the fragment “resolve on the other hand to impose a mass religion.” (lines 6 and 7), the underlined word means “alternative”
Comentário: E- resolve ( noun) : decisiveness, determination, determinedness, firmness
https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/resolve
2 In the fragment “They strain towards this objective” (lines 15 and 16), the underlined word is synonymous with “move”
Comentário: E- strain (verb): to devote serious and sustained effort
https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/strain
3 In “their prospects of happiness.” (lines 17 and 18) the underlined word can be correctly replaced with chances or possibilities
Comentário: C- Prospects= chances, possibilities
4 In “and to render these conclusions effective” (lines 38 and 39), the underlined word means “to make”.
Comentário: C-render( verb): to cause to be or become : MAKE
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/render
Considering the ideas and the vocabulary in the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
1 In the first paragraph, the word “swathes” (line 1) can be correctly replaced with areas.
Comentário: C- swathes: no contexto, a palavra corresponde a patches , no sentido de areas.
2 In the first paragraph, the word “blast” (line 3) can be correctly replaced with number.
Comentário: E- blast: clamor, outcry, uproar; no contexto refere-se ao alarde causado pelas manchetes. Reduzir blast a um sinônimo de number seria empobrecer o sentido original.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/blast
3 Deaths caused by heatwaves do not shock people as much as deaths by other natural disasters do.
Comentário: C- Lines 2-6; lines 14-15
4 Heatwaves are probably more lethal than floods.
Comentário: C- lines 5-6: …yet heatwaves can cause more deaths
Considering the ideas and the vocabulary in the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
1 In the second paragraph, the words “havoc” (line 16) and “ravages” (line 19) both mean “extensive or devastating destruction”.
Comentário: C- sinônimos perfeitos, inclusive ravages (olha a influência do francês😊)
Havoc: wide and general destruction : DEVASTATION
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/havoc
2 The cause-effect relationship between heatwaves and deaths is not obvious.
Comentário: C- Lines 19-22: Moreover, deaths are not usually directly attributable to heatstroke.
3 Not only do heatwaves kill immediately but they also lead to eventual deaths.
Comentário: C- Lines 19-22: Soaring temperatures just turn pre-existing conditions such as heart problems or lung disease lethal.
4 Emissions need to be stopped if a heatwave like the one in 2003 is to be avoided.
Comentário: E- Lines 67-69
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
1 In the passage “The United Nations should revisit its own calculations.” (line 29), the underlined word can be correctly replaced with reconsider.
Comentário: C- revisit is a synonym of reconsider in the context.
2 “Trade-offs” (line 27) means “bad deals”.
Comentário: E- Trade-offs means compromises ( Port. meio-termo; concessão)
3 The phrase “Bound to” (line 36) means “forced to keep a promise to”.
Comentário: C- Existe a definição de Bound to como forced to keep a promise to, mas fica bastante forçado encaixar esse sentido incoerente no contexto. Como o próprio texto ressalta nas linhas 36 a 45, o fato de o inglês e o francês serem as línguas de trabalho da diplomacia não se deve a nenhuma “obrigação de cumprir promessa feita à tradição” SUGESTÃO DE RECURSO
4 The expression “laid […] the groundwork for” (line 44) can be correctly replaced with prepared.
Comentário: C- laid part of the groundwork for the IS= prepared part of the IS
Vale reescrever a frase por extenso em casos de reescrituras mais complexas.
Concerning the grammatical and semantic aspects of the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
1 The passage “the text didn’t read the same” (line 4) considers that the treaty had different meanings in Amharic and in Italian.
Comentário: C- read: to yield a particular meaning or impression when read
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/read
2 The word “former” (line 5) refers to someone who created the Treaty.
Comentário: E-the word former refers to [the text] in Amharic ( line 4).
3 The word “latter” (line 7) relates to how slow the establishment of the Italian protectorate was.
Comentário: E-the word latter refers to [the text] in Italian ( lines 4- 5).
4 Mistranslation of a verb led Ethiopia and Italy to war.
Comentário: C – Item- síntese do texto
Mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E) in summarizing the views of the author of the text.
1 Loneliness and privacy are unambiguously valuable gifts.
Comentário: E- Loneliness and privacy are queer prizes (line 1), that is, ambiguous gifts
2 While Native Americans gave New York solidity and continuity, European settlers gave it passion.
Comentário: E- o texto faz referência a natives (l. 27), habitantes de NY que nasceram na cidade, e a settlers (l. 28), moradores de outras origens, não a Native Americans (habitantes nativos dos EUA) ou a European settlers ( imigrantes que povoaram os EUA em séculos anteriores).
42.3
Comentário: E-The influx of people from other places creates part of NY’s unique character(l. 28; l. 36-37)
42.4 E- The young girl from Mississipi will escape the indignity of being observed by her neighbours ( l. 31)
Considering the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
1 The word “largess” (line 3) could be correctly replaced with generosity.
Comentário: C- mais uma vez, o francês ajuda 😉 largess= generosity
2 The word “bestow” (line 2) could be correctly replaced with exchange.
Comentário: E- bestow: to convey as a gift [ no reciprocity involved]
3 The fragment “to dwarf the” (line 36) could be correctly replaced with that contribute to.
Comentário: E- to dwarf [ smn/smth]: to make [smn/smth ] look small in comparison
Para esclarecer a metáfora: The Consolidated Edison Company , ou ConEd, é o nome da empresa que fornece energia elétrica a NY.
4 The fragment “sanctuary or fulfillment or some greater or lesser grail” (lines 7 and 8) could be correctly replaced with refuge or satisfaction or some greater or lesser prize.
Comentário: C- Perfeita reescritura: grail [ graal} tem o sentido de prize.
